RSS, the Perils of Right-Wing Extremism; and the Call of Duty.
Shibam Sarkar
Not only in India, but across the entire world, there has been a rise in far-right wing politics. Right-wing ideology has a longstanding tradition in the political history of human society. At critical junctures in history, its form shifts, and ultra-right movements emerge. After World War I, Italy and Germany saw a specific manifestation of this ultra-right. What we witness today as Neo-Nazism is, in many ways, a contemporary version of that same political trend. While ultra-right movements take on different forms in various countries, they share common characteristics. In every instance, these groups primarily identify a section of their own population as enemies, holding them responsible for all the nation’s woes and launching attacks against them.
In our country, India the RSS-BJP is following the same course of action.
In India, the target of extreme right-wing attacks is religious minorities. This politics operates under the guise of nationalism, manipulating the nationalist sentiment embedded in the public consciousness to exert influence. However, this nationalism is largely built upon ethnic, religious, and cultural identities.
Even though the BJP currently holds power in our country, its core driving force is the RSS. The rise of divisive politics and the atmosphere of communalism across various regions of the nation can be attributed to the RSS. The image of the RSS as a mere “cultural organisation,” which it prefers to project, is entirely false and misleading, even though it doesn’t directly participate in electoral politics like other political parties. In reality, it has always harboured a political agenda aimed at establishing a Hindu nation. This vision, influenced by fascism and Nazism, envisions the ‘state’ less as a ‘nation’ and more as a ‘Reich’—a view deeply embedded in the ideology of the RSS and its leaders.
Among the mainstream nationalists, personalities like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Madan Mohan Malaviya were among the most conservative and explicitly Hindu figures. Yet, despite their conservative leanings, they remained aligned with Gandhi, Tagore, and Nehru in rejecting communalism. Their ideologies did not fragment the Indian mosaic by pitting religions against one another. In stark contrast, ideologues like Savarkar, Golwalkar, and Hedgewar, who shaped the RSS from the 1920s, were unequivocally anti-Muslim and proponents of majoritarianism. They drew inspiration from the totalitarian regimes in Italy and Germany, supporting anti-colonial resistance to Muslim power in India and elsewhere within the British Empire.
They envisioned a ‘Mother India’ (Bharat Mata) populated solely by followers of Hinduism, speakers of the Hindi language, worshippers of the sacred cow, and members of the caste society.
After Nehru’s death in 1964, the mid-1970s Emergency, the Ram Janmabhoomi movement post-1984, the Babri Masjid demolition in 1992, the 2002 Gujarat massacre, the sustained attacks on leftists in West Bengal post the 2011 regime change, booth capturing during elections, and the rise of Modi-Shah in 2014—these events all point to the growing power of fascist and right-wing forces. The RSS gradually strengthened its foothold through these events, capitalizing on each turning point.
In our state, West Bengal, the Trinamool Congress (TMC) is often regarded as another form of the RSS—two sides of the same coin. In 2011, to overthrow the Left Front from government, the Trinamool did not act alone. It brought together all right-wing and fascist forces on a single platform. As a result, RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat even went so far to address Mamata Banerjee as “Durga.” Following 2011, the RSS has consistently supported numerous anti-people policies, including its continued backing of the Trinamool.
Even in the aftermath of the 2024 RG Kar incident, when the world rallied for justice for Abhaya and demanded punishment for the culprits, the RSS remained silent. While the masses demanded the resignation of Mamata or the health minister, and protestors faced violent crackdowns by the ruling party and state police, the RSS still supported Mamata Banerjee and her government.
These are clear examples of the growing influence of the RSS and right-wing forces.
Just as we fight fascist and right-wing forces globally, we must also fight the RSS-BJP in our country. In our state, we must take on both the BJP-RSS and the Trinamool, for they represent the same dangerous forces.
In 1992, when the historic Babri Masjid was destroyed, and communal riots engulfed the nation, we must remember that not a single spark of violence touched West Bengal. This was because of the Left Front government, which was led by Comrade Jyoti Basu, the then Chief Minister of West Bengal. At that time, he firmly stated that if any rioters dared to incite violence, their heads would be thrashed. He also asserted that riots can never happen without the government’s complicity.
Today, communal fires are burning across the country, from Manipur to Assam, Unnao to Hathras, Hathras to Kamduni, Kamduni to Bagtui, Bagtui to R.G. Kar, R.G. Kar to Jaynagar, Newtown and so on…
It is our duty to extinguish these flames of hatred. We have to take a historic role in this fight.
The current struggle is for the defence of democracy, secularism, and the constitution of the country. It is a fight to protect the people of our nation and state. Despite the complexity of the situation, new opportunities for progress are emerging. We must continue our journey towards realising those possibilities. We must defeat every effort to revive fascism, and we will win this fight. Even Hitler couldn’t succeeded in waving the flags of communalism, fascism and hatred. And we strongly believe neither of his follower Modi-Mamata-MohanBhagwat will succeed. Protest and resistance are the only path to defeat them.
We will prevail them.
To fight against the RSS and its allies means risking life with false charges, imprisonment, and even threats to one’s life. However, to protect ourselves from this danger, we must strengthen the Left forces, build a broader platform that unites all secular and democratic-minded individuals and groups, and continue the fight not only in class and mass movements but also in ideological, political, cultural, and social arenas. For this, people from all stakes have to come together in this struggle.
We must move forward with one truth in mind, that is; behind fear lies death. But if we overcome fear and walk ahead, there is life— a beautiful life, which awaits.
Across the globe, nations like France, Chile, Cuba, Sri Lanka, Argentina, Brazil and others are witnessing a resurgence of leftist movements and a concerted effort to counteract fascism and right-wing ideologies. This shift can be attributed to a combination of socio-political factors, grassroots activism, and a growing dissatisfaction with neoliberal policies.
In recent years, countries like France, Chile, Cuba, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Argentina, and others have witnessed significant pushbacks against fascism and right-wing political parties. These movements not only highlight the resilience of left ideologies but also offer valuable lessons for those seeking to foster progressive change in India.
Case Studies of the recent successes
France:
In the face of rising far-right sentiments, particularly with the National Rally (formerly National Front), leftist parties and coalitions have united to present a formidable challenge. Activists emphasise grassroots mobilisation, highlighting social justice, anti-racism, and environmental sustainability. The successful election of progressive mayors in major cities has demonstrated the effectiveness of local governance as a platform for broader change.Recent Successes
Chile:
The social unrest sparked by economic inequality culminated in a significant political shift, with the election of President Gabriel Boric. His administration has focused on social reforms, including education, healthcare, and pension systems. This victory is attributed to mass mobilisations and a collective rejection of neoliberal policies, showcasing the power of civic engagement.
Cuba:
Cuba has long been a symbol of leftist resistance against imperialism and capitalism. Despite facing economic hardships and the challenges posed by U.S. sanctions, the Cuban government has maintained its commitment to socialism. The recent protests highlighted the need for reform, but the government’s response emphasises the importance of preserving its revolutionary legacy. The emphasis on education, healthcare, and community engagement continues to foster a strong sense of national identity and resistance against external pressures.
Nepal:
Nepal has seen a vibrant political landscape shaped by its long history of monarchy and civil conflict. The rise of the Communists and its subsequent coalition with other leftist parties have helped to steer the country towards progressive reforms. These parties have focused on social justice, inclusive governance, and economic equity, resonating with the populace’s desire for change. The public’s active engagement in democratic processes has been instrumental in pushing back against regressive forces.
Sri Lanka:
The recent anti-government protests, fueled by economic crises and corruption, led to the resignation of the president. The protesters, primarily led by youth and marginalised groups, adopted a non-violent approach, emphasising unity and inclusivity in their demands for systemic change.
Argentina:
The return of the leftist Peronist coalition to power, marked by President Alberto Fernández’s administration, highlights the significance of addressing socioeconomic inequalities. The government has prioritized social welfare programs and labor rights, demonstrating how leftist policies can resonate with the electorate amid economic turmoil.
Brazil:
Brazil’s political scene has been reshaped by the election of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who returned to power after defeating far-right incumbent Jair Bolsonaro. Lula’s campaign centered on reversing Bolsonaro’s policies that dismantled social programs and weakened environmental protections. The success of Lula and the Workers’ Party reflects a broader mobilization of civil society and labor movements, united in the fight against fascism and inequality.
Bolivia:
Bolivia has also seen a significant leftist revival following the political turmoil and coup against former President Evo Morales in 2019. The return of the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) party to power under Luis Arce has marked a renewed commitment to indigenous rights, social equity, and economic sovereignty. The Bolivian government is working to reverse neoliberal policies and restore social programs that benefit the marginalised.
Key Lessons for India-
Grassroots Mobilisation:
Building a broad-based coalition that unites various social movements is essential. This includes labor unions, student groups, and marginalised communities. Grassroots activism not only raises awareness but also creates a sense of shared purpose among diverse groups.
Focus on Social Issues:
Emphasising issues such as healthcare, education, and economic equality can resonate with the electorate. Leftist movements should prioritise social justice and human rights, framing their agenda around improving the lives of everyday citizens.
Utilising Technology and Social Media:
The use of social media platforms to organise protests, disseminate information, and engage younger voters has proven effective in many countries. India can leverage digital tools to amplify voices and coordinate grassroots campaigns.
Building Alliances:
Collaborating with progressive factions within existing political structures can strengthen the leftist movement. Forming alliances with like-minded parties can consolidate efforts and enhance electoral prospects.
Resistance:
Emphasising peaceful protests and non-violent strategies can garner wider support and legitimacy. History has shown that peaceful movements often lead to more substantial and lasting change.
Inclusive Narratives:
Crafting an inclusive narrative that addresses the concerns of various social groups, including minorities and marginalised communities, is crucial. A diverse and unified front can present a compelling alternative to right-wing narratives.
Adapting International Strategies:
Learning from the successes and challenges faced by leftist movements globally can provide valuable insights. Adapting these strategies to fit the Indian context—considering the unique cultural, social, and political landscapes—will be essential for effective implementation.
To implement these lessons, in India, we have to focus on-
Community Engagement:
Organising town halls, workshops, and seminars to discuss pressing social issues and mobilise community support.
Awareness Campaigns:
Launching campaigns that educate citizens about the dangers of fascism and the benefits of leftist policies.
Students – Youth Involvement:
Creating more platforms for students and young leaders to emerge and participate actively in the political process, ensuring their voices and concerns are heard.
Policy Proposals:
Developing comprehensive and realistic policy proposals that address the needs of the population, clearly articulating how leftist policies can lead to societal improvement.
Civic Education:
Promoting civic education programs to empower citizens with the knowledge necessary to engage in democratic processes and resist authoritarianism.
The struggles against fascism and right-wing ideologies in countries like France, Chile, Cuba, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia provides a roadmap for India. By learning from these global movements, embracing grassroots activism, and fostering a united front, the left in India can not only combat the rise of right-wing forces but also pave the way for a more just and equitable society. The time for action is now, and the lessons learned from around the world can guide us toward a brighter future and a brighter INDIA.
Jyoti Basu used to say, “It is the people… the people… and only the people who creates history.”
May be in a mistake people has once welcomed these right-wing policies, and now If it is possible to defeat these right-wing forces in countries like Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, France, Bolivia, Nepal and even Sri Lanka, then we are confident that we can also overcome these forces in our own country and state.
Once upon a time the people have welcomed these right-wing policies, thinking it will benifit them and now, after realising and taking lessons from the neighbouring countries that how much it can be dangerous for one’s life. So now, it is the people, only the people who will reject and smash these forces and there policies. The time has come, We are steadily moving in that direction.